Carbureter.



F. R. SUNDERMAN.

CARBURETER.

APPLlcATmom FILED-1m29. 191s.

lPzmmImmed Dec. 12, 1916.,

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To all whom it may concern.'

I MAN, a citizen' of the lUnited States of Amer-- ifea, and. a resident of Newburgh, county ofv Be it blown that ll, Fmeonnron R. Sonnen Urange, State of New York, have invented certain new and 'useful llmprovementsl in Carbureters, of which the following is ai specification.

My invention relates to carbureters havingfor their general object the vaporizationl of hydrocarbons.l

The general object of'my invention is to provide'a device for producing an intimate uniform mixture of air and volatilized hydrocarbon, which mixture comprises the fuel mixture for an internal combustion engine. My Invention further conslsts 1n the novel arrangement and construction vof parts, a

preferred form of which is herein shown and described, and my invention will be more particularly pointed out 1n the appended claims.

ln the drawings, in which like characters indicate similar parts, Figure 1 is a longif tudinal vertical section .of a carbureter en1` bodying my invention; Fig. is a perspective viewA of the device shown 1n Fig. 1, with ,certainparts broken away; lBig. 3-is a view Asimilar to lFig. 1, showing a modification;

and Fig. 4 is a partial plan view thereof.

The carbureter disclosed by the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, embodies the pre'- ferred form of my invention, and comprises 4l, which is fulcrumed at 5 on the stud 6.

@n the oppositeside of the fulcrum from the float, the rod 7 is pivoted to .the lever 4, and it cooperates with the ball check `valve 8, a

which controls the admission of the'hydrocarbon tothe constant-level chamber in the well-known manner. IThe open-ended pasnnen, nsw ron nnnn'rnn conronarroiv, or iinwnune,

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sage -9 is attached -to lthe constantlevel chamber 1. One end of the passageway 9 is provided with danges 1Q, whereby it may be Y connected to the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. llhe opening 11 Ain the passageway is rectangular, and at the end near the Harige coupling it is controlled by the butterdy throttle valve 12, mounted on the shaft 13,-the movement of which is manually controlled-by the lever 14, secured thereon by the set-screw 15. A Llimiting member 16 is also secured to the shaft 13, and one of the ends of the limiting member cooperates with the lug17 on the ange 10 to limit theopening movement of the butterdy valve, while the screw 18', passing through the other end of the limiting inember 16 cotperates with the lug 17 to limit the closing movement of the butterdy valve 12. 'llhe inlet end ofl the pasageway is `controlled by the valve plates 18 and 19. rllhe valve plate 18 is pivoted on a. horizontal axis passlng through its upper edge, so that its upper edge substantially contacts withthe upper surface of the opening 11, and its lower edge substantially contacts with the lower surface of the opening 11. 'llheplate 18 extends substantially all the way across the opening, and the passageway is normally v substantially closed by it. llt is apparent `that suction formed in the passageway 'by the rotation of the engine will cause the plate 18 to swing about its axis, whereby its free end is lifted away from the lower surface of the passage. 'llhe swinging movement is controlled in two ways, shown ref spectivelyin Figs. land 3. lln the form shown in lig. 1, the plunger 20 is guidedinv the cup 21, which is screw-threaded into' the upper wall of the passageway and coperates with the upper-face of the plate 18. rllhe cap 22 is .threaded over the outside of the cup 21 and is locked in position by the 'nut 23.l A collar 21 is' secured onto the plunger 20, anda 'spring 25 is positioned between the collar 24k` and the cap 22. 'lhe tension of this spring may be' varied by screwing the cap 22 down'onto the cup 21 and locking it into position by thenut 23. The'plunger 20 may be held in such a position that it does not rest against the plate 1-8 when the plate is in normal position by undoing the screw 26 of the collar 27 and drawing the plunger upwardly within the collarv and tightening the screw 26. lt will be seen that when the lshown in Fig. 3, the plate 18l is provided with an extension 28,-which has in it a slot 29, and passing through this slot is the threaded rod 30, which has a nut 31 positioned thereon. The other end of the rod is pivoted to the limiting member 16 by the pin member 32. The nut 31 is positioned so that the plate 18 may swing to its normal position when the screw 18 is contacting with'the lug 17; that is, when the throttle valve is in its limiting closed position. As the throttle valve is opened, however, the rod 30 will be moved so that the nut 31 Will move away'the extension 28 and permit the plate 18 to swing upwardly. Plate 18, therefore, can swing upwardly no more rapidly than the throttle valve opening will permit.

. The nut 31 can be adjusted so that there is lost motion in .this controllingimechanism which will permit a certain opening of the valve 18 before the throttle valve is moved.

Leading from thel constant-level chamber across the bottom of the passageway 9 there isa hydrocarbon conduit 33. Through the bottom of-the passageway, and forming com- 'munication between the conduit 33 and the opening 11 of the passageway, there are a plurality of openings, through which extend `nozzles 34. These nozzles are held in position bythreaded members 35, cooperating with the threaded portions formed within the conduit. lt is thus possible -to adjust the elevation. of these nozzles by removing 'the screw plugs 36 which are positioned in the bottom of the conduit. One of the nozzles 34 discharges at the same level at which hydrocarbon is maintained in the constantlevel chamber, and another nozzle discharges in the passage at a higher level. Any number of these nozzles may be employed as is found desirable.

A screen 37 is positioned in the passageway, in the form shown'in Figs. 1 Aand 3. The ordinary priming device 38 is provided for sinkingthe float to raise the level in the constant-level chamber for starting.

When the butterfly valve isalmost closed vand the engine is rotating slowly, a small throttle is o pened wider, and the speed of the engine is increased, the valve 18 will be swung up toward the horizontal position, thereby directing'air across whatever nozzles are positioned so that they discharge at a higher level than the nozzle which dis charges at the level of the hydrocarbon in the constant-level chamber. It will thus be seenthat asa greater amount of air is drawn in, a greater amount of hydrocarbon is added to the mixture. Of course, it is apparent that the variation of the vacuum in the passageway and in the vvelocity of air across the nozzles will vary the amount of hydrocarbon drawn from them, so that, even though there are substantial differences between the discharge levels of the nozzles, there will be a uniform increase in and discharge of hydrocarbon into the entering air stream, for the effectiveness of thenozzles will vary as the lower' edge of the plate 18 approaches the level of their discharge points. The drops of hydrocarbon which are not vaporized by contact with the air will.v be forced against the screen 37 and disintegrated, and the volatilization of the hydrocarbon will be complete before it passes the butterfly valve. In order that the iniow of air into the passage may be under the absolute control of the engine operator, the plate 19 is pivoted to rotate about a horizontal axis near the lower face of the opening 11, which axis passes through one edge' of the plate. The control lever 39 for this plate extends outside of the passageway 9 and is adapted to have aplink or rod connected to it which may* be conveniently reached by the-engine operator. Whenever theengine is operating, the amount of air entering thepassageway may be controlled by swinging the plate 19 counter-clockwise about its axis. When the engine is to be started, this plate is swung about its axis until it engages the plate 18 in the form of device shown in Fig. 3, 'and is rotated in the form of device shown in Fig. 1 even after it engages the plate 18, namely, until it forces the plate 18 to a horizontal position. It will be seen that, under these circumstances, the air supply issubstantially cut ofi', and a very great suction will be exerted upon the hydrocarbon nozzles and a very rich mixture will be drawn into the engine for starting.

In the embodiment of my invention herein disclosed, it will be noted that the hydrocarbon nozzles discharge at different levels in a transverse plane, passing through the passageway at a point substantially Vadjacent that at which the plate 18r normally contacts with the lower surface of the pasv passageway' increases as the speed of the 180 naoaaar engine increases, thereby'increasing the dow oi hydrocarbon into the entering air stream. lis the plate rises and falls, it directsthe entering air stream over more or fewer hydrocarbon nozzles, and also tends to keep the velocity of the entering air stream constant.,

lll/"hilo ll have described a particular embodiment ol my device with great detail, l

' do not intend that my invention shall be nozzles communicating with said chamber and discharging within said passageway at dillerent levels, an air admission valve hinged at its upper end in advance of said nozzles and normally inclined downwardly toward the nozzles and having its tree end terminating short oi the nozzles so as to swing up and down tree thereof and acted upon directly by suction to be swung in- Y wardly and upwardly by increased suction to .direct the incoming air in a converging current upon one or'nioreolthe nozzles and to uncover one or morenozzles to the current of air depending upon *the hei ht that the valve is lifted, and a throttle va ve controlling the dow of hydrocarbon luel lthrough said passageway to the engine.

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2. lln a carbureter, the combination of a horizontal openended passageway, a hydrocarbon chamber, av plurality of hydrocarbon nozzles communicating with said chamber and discharging within said passageway at dill'erent levels, an air admission valve hinged at nozzles and normally inclined downwardly toward the nozzles and normally closing said passageway to prevent any substantial admission of air past the valve when the same is in its lowest postion and having its free end terminating short of the nozzles so as to swing up and down -iree thereof and acted upon A directly by suction to be swung inwardly and upwardly by increased suction to direct the incoming air 1n va converging' current upon one or more of the nozzles and to uncover one or more nozzles to the current of airdepending upon the height that the valve is lifted, and a throttle valve controlling the flow of `hydrocarbon fuel through said passageway to the engine.

3. lln a carburetor, the combination ol a horizontal open-ended passageway of rectangular cross-motion, arectangular air admission valve near the inlet end ol the pasits upper end in advance of said sageway hinged at its upper end at the top portion of the downwardly and inwardly, a rectangular throttle valve within "the passageway for controlling the dow ot fuel mixture from the passageway to the engine, a hydrocarbon chamber, a plurality' of hydrocarbon nozzles communicating with said chamber and discharging into the said passageway/'at diderent levelsand at points between the lree edge oi said air inlet valve and the throttle valve, said air inlet valve being acted upon directly by suction to be swung inwardly and upwardly by increased suction so as to uncover one or more nozzles to the current of air depending upon the height to which the valve is lifted.

4l. ln a carburetor, the combination ol a horizontal open-ended passageway of rectangular cross-section, a rectangular airadmission valve near the inlet end of the passageway hinged at its upper end at the top portion ol the passageway and extending downwardly and inwardly, 'a rectangular throttle valve within the passageway lor controlling the dow ol fuel mixture from the passageway to the engine, a hydrocarbon' chamber, a plurality ot hydrocarbon nozzles communlcating with said chamber and discharging into the said passageway at diderent levels and at points between the' tree edge ol said air inlet valve and the throttle valve, said air inlet valve being acted upon directly by suction to be swung inwardly and upwardly by increased suction so as to uncover one or'more nozzles to the current of air dependingl upon the height to which the valve is lifted, a housing on the top of the passageway, a`plungerextending slidably through said housing into the passageway in position to `be engaged by the air valve when the latter is lifted by suction, and a spring within.- the 4housing and cooperating with the plunger to oppose the upward movement ot the air valve.

s v5. lin a carbureter, the combination ot a horizontal open-ended passageway ol rectangular cross-section, a constant level hydrocarbon chamber, a plurality ot hydro-v carbon nozzles communicating withv said chamber and projecting upwardly in the passageway from the licor thereof, one ot said nozz es 'being' of substantially the height of the hydrocarbon level of the chamber and the other nozzle being substantially higher so as l to require much higher suction in the hydrocarbon therethrough, an alr admission valve rectangular in cross-section and hinged at its upper end at the top portion of the passageway in advance of the nozzles and extending downwardly and inwardly' toward the base ofthe nozzles and in close proximity thereto, said air inlet valve bein passageway and extending passageway to draw .g acted upon directly by the suction ol the engine to swing inwardly and upwardly to direct incoming air against `the discharge* openings of one or more of said nozzles depending upon the height to which said valve is lifted and a rectangular throttle valve in said passageway for controlling the flow of hydrocarbon fuel therefrom.

'6. In a carbureter, the combination of a horizontal open-ended passageway of rectangular cross-section, a rectangular air admission valve near the inlet end of the passageway hinged at its upper end at the top portion of the passageway and extending downwardly and inwardly. to normally close the passageway, a rectangular throttle valve within the passageway for controlling the flow of fuel mixture from 4the passageway to the engine, and a hydrocarbon chamber extending below the bottom oflsaid horizontal passageway and parallel therewith,

a plurality of hydrocarbon nozzles com-f 7 ln a carbureter, the combination of a horizontal passageway, a hydrocarbon chamber, a conduit extending from said chamber transversely of and beneath the passageway and communicating with the chamber, a

plurality of hydrocarbon nozzles communieating with said conduit and extending into the passageway and discharging at dierent heights therein, an air admission valve hinged at one end in the passageway'in ad- Vance of said nozzles and normally inclined toward the nozzles and having its free end terminating short of said nozzles and acted upon directly by suction to be swung inwardly by increased suction to direct the incoming current of air against one or more of the dischargeopenings of said nozzles depending upon the degree to which the valve is swung. v

8. ln acarbureter, the combination of a lhorizontal open-ended passageway of rectangular cross-section, a rectangular air admission valve near the inlet end Vof the passageway hinged at its upper end at the top portion of the passageway and extending downwardly and inwardly, a hydrocarbon chamber extending below the bottom of the passageway, and a conduit extending from said chamber transversely of and beneath the passageway for the flow of hydrocarbon from the chamber, a plurality of nozzles communicating with said conduit ascesa? and extending into the passageway and terminating at different heights, said air admission valve being acted upon by suction to be swung upwardly and inwardly to uncover one or more of said nozzles depending upon the height to which it is lifted, and a throttle valve in the passageway controlling the flow of fuel to the engine.

9. In a carbureter, the combination of a horizontal passageway, a hydrocarbon chamber, a conduit extending from said chamber transversely of and beneath the passageway, said conduit having passages extending transversely thereof and communicating therewith and adapted to receivenozzles inserted from beneath, nozzles inserted in said passages and extending upwardly therefrom into the passageway, removable plugs closing said transverse passages, an air admission valve hinged at'its upper end in said passageway on the air inlet side of said nozzles and adapted to be acted upon by suction to increase the air inlet opening and uncover one or-more of said nozzles according to the increase in suction, and a throttle'valve in said passageway controlling the flow of hydrocarbon fuel from the same to the engine.

10.` Ina carbure'ter, the combination ofan open-ended passageway, a manually operable valve controlling the open end of said passageway, a hydrocarbon nozzle in4 said passageway, and valve mechanism controlling the entrance of air at the other end of said passageway, comprising a suction-operated member and a manually-operated member cooperating therewith to substantially close said last-named open end while said suction-operated member is in any position.

1l. In a carbureter, the combination of an open-ended passageway, a manually operable valve controlling one open end of said passageway, a hydrocarbon nozzle in said passageway, and valve mechanism controlling the entrance of air at the other end of said passageway, comprising a swinging suction-` operated valve plate, and means comprising a lost motion connection connecting said manually-operated valve with said suctionoperated valve, whereby the extent to which the suction-operated valve may be moved to increase the air inlet is limited by the position of the manually-operated valve.

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a horizontal open-ended passageway, a hydrocarbon chamber, a plurality of hydrocarbon nozzles communicating with said chamber and discharging within said passageway at different levels, an air admission valve hinged at its upper fend in advance of said nozzles to swing up and down and acted upon directly by suction to be swung inwardly and upwardly by increased suction to direct the incoming air in a converging current upon one or more of the nozzles depending upon the elevation of the valve, and a menant throttle valve controlling the dow ot hydrocarbon fuel through said passageway to the engine.

13. lin a carburetor, the combination of a horizontal'open-ended passageway, a hydrocarbon chamber, a hydrocarbon nozzle communicating with said chamber and discharg ing within said passageway, an air admission valve in the passageway hinged at its upper end in advance ot' said nozzle and normally inclined downwardly toward the nozzle andacted upon directly by suction to be swung inwardly and upwardly by increased suction to direct the incoming air in a converging current upon the nozzle and vary the air inlet opening depending upon the height that the valve is lifted, a manuallyoperated device in said passageway operatively related to said valve to engage the same to restrict the air inlet opening normally controlled responsive to suction, so as to e'ect increased suction on the nozzle at the will of the driver as in starting, and a' throttle valve controlling; the

flow of hydrocarbon fuel from said passageway to the engine.

In testimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specication.

FREDERICK R. SUNDERMAN. 

